Occurrence and Concentrations of Residues of Tetracyclines, Polyether Ionophores, and Anthelmintics in Livers of Chickens Sold in the Informal Market in Gauteng Province, South Africa

What is it about?

We determined the frequency of detection of residues of tetracyclines, polyether ionophores and anthelmintics in the livers of chickens at the informal chicken outlets in Gauteng province, South Africa using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Of the 98 liver samples assayed from three townships, for doxycycline (only tetracycline detected), the frequency of contamination and non-compliance was 24.5% (24/98) and 15.3% (15/98) respectively, with mean±SD concentration of 919.04±1081.30 and 1410.57±108.89 ppb. For the polyether ionophore residues detected, for maduramycin, the frequency of contamination and non-compliant samples was 27.6% (27/98) and 19.4% (19/98) respectively, with mean±SD concentrations being 117.96±84.56 and 153.21±76.29 ppb. Residues of lasalocid were detected at a frequency of 31.6% (31/98) and 5.1% (5/98) in contaminated and non-compliant samples respectively, with mean±SD concentrations of 62.90±170.84 and 310.16±356.68 ppb.

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