How do we study the gas phase reactions of radicals?

What is it about?

Radicals are atoms or molecules with one or more unpaired electron. Radicals are also called paramagnetic species. Most important reactions between gases involve radicals. These include the depletion of the ozone layer and the burning of fuel. Reactions involving radicals are common. But the mechanisms behind them are complex. This article discusses the different ways to study these reactions in the lab. The most common methods involve molecular beams. These beams can either be crossed with each other or merged. As the particles collide, they reveal the quantum effects of the reaction. Another method uses flow tubes. Flow tubes are useful for determining the 'rate coefficient' of a reaction. This helps to calculate how fast a reaction occurs. The next method uses electric or magnetic fields to slow down molecules. This can help study the quantum state and velocity of the radicals. The final method describes 'traps' for the molecules. This allows the study of slower reactions. All these methods are quite sensitive and selective. The authors end the study with a glimpse of future research in the field.

Featured Image

Photo by Landon Arnold on Unsplash

Photo by Landon Arnold on Unsplash

Why is it important?

Gas phase reactions involving radicals occur in many places. They occur in the atmosphere, in plasmas, in fuel systems, in flames, and in outer space. Some of these reactions can have harmful effects, such as the depletion of ozone. Some of these reactions can be useful. These include reactions to capture carbon from the atmosphere. If we study these reactions, we can learn how to control them. We can even design new reactions for scientific and industrial use. Studying these reactions will also improve our fundamental knowledge of science. KEY TAKEAWAY: There are many methods to study the gas phase reactions of radicals. Studying how radicals react can help us control their reactions. This will help us develop new applications using gas phase radicals.