A simple and fast model for powder-snow avalanches

What is it about?

Eglit (1982) developed a depth-averaged 1D model for mixed avalanches with a dense core and a powder-snow cloud. We extended this model to 2D, modifying some of Eglit's assumptions about snow-cover entrainment and mass exchange between the two layers. The equations are solved with a simple first-order numerical scheme, which has the advantage of being fast. We then studied the sensitivity of the model to its key parameters and tested it against an observed powder-snow avalanche in Norway with good results. The efficiency of the code will make it possible to use the model in large-area hazard mapping once we have gained more experience on how to choose the model parameters in different climate regions and hazard scenarios.

Featured Image

Photo by Krzysztof Kowalik on Unsplash

Photo by Krzysztof Kowalik on Unsplash

Why is it important?

The need for an efficient, easy-to-use model for mixed avalanches has been growing steadily in the Alps, in Norway and in other mountainous areas of the world with cold winters.