What is it about?

This research explores an innovative approach to safeguarding democracy by mitigating the risk of leaders becoming autocratically entrenched. Traditional constitutional term limits have often failed to prevent leaders from manipulating the democratic process to maintain power indefinitely. The study introduces the concept of escalating super-majority thresholds for incumbents' re-elections as a more effective mechanism. This system requires leaders seeking additional terms in office to achieve increasingly higher proportions of the vote, aiming to counteract the inherent advantages incumbents enjoy in re-election campaigns. By setting higher hurdles for each subsequent term, the proposal aims to balance the need for effective leadership with the dangers of autocratic entrenchment, ensuring only highly supported leaders can extend their tenure beyond typical limits. [Some of the content on this page has been created by AI]

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Why is it important?

Autocratic entrenchment threatens the very foundation of democratic systems, where leaders manipulate laws and norms to remain in power, often at the expense of democratic principles and the well-being of their populations. The failure of conventional term limits to prevent this phenomenon in various countries underscores the need for alternative solutions. The proposed escalating super-majority thresholds address the root cause of entrenchment by neutralizing the incumbency advantage, thus fostering a more competitive political environment. This approach not only aims to prevent leaders from overstaying their welcome but also encourages them to maintain high levels of public support, thereby enhancing the quality of democracy and leadership. KEY TAKEAWAY: Escalating thresholds could prevent leaders' undue power retention, ensuring democracy's integrity.

Perspectives

Israel's 16 years' entrenched Prime Minister Netanyahu led it to a war with HAMAS Palestinian terrorists which are hiding in the 500 miles of tunnels dug under the Gaza Strip like in the Tabor Medieval underground town. In these tunnels HAMAS holds 135 Israeli hostages beside ammunition and food stores, weaponry and weapon production factories, and all other facilities for its 30.000 troops (Already half of them killed now). HAMAS did this mega-project with Qatar's Billions of US dollars endowments which for 16 years Israel's PM Netanyahu allowed conveying to Hamas while publicly promising he would annihilate HAMAS. Most Israelis objected this help for HAMAS build-up but without any constitutional PM's term limits the entrenched PM did it causing a war which up to now, 22 February 2024 had a death tall of about 1500 Israelis, some 29.000 Palestinians, tens of thousands injured, and 1.5 Million who became homeless. Would in 2017 or even earlier Israel's have a constitution that would have included escalating re-election thresholds this would have prevented Netanyahu's five times re-election and another PM more open to listen to heads of the country's security establishment would have stopped Qatar's financing HAMAS build-up and very likely prevented this catastrophic war.

Doctor Reuven Shapira
Western Galilee College

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This page is a summary of: Preventing leaders' autocratic entrenchment by exponential super-majority threshold escalators, Frontiers in Political Science, November 2023, Frontiers,
DOI: 10.3389/fpos.2023.1173646.
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