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Cardiac derived exosomes may be more cardioprotective than patient matched bone marrow-secreted exosomes. Exosomes may function via an active protease on their surface, which releases a ligand in proximity to the transmembrane receptor bound by the ligand

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Perspectives

Cardiac-resident progenitor cells (CPCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMCs) have cardioprotective, angiogenic and regenerative activities that promote post-injury myocardial recovery. Both cellular sources are currently being tested in clinical cell therapy trials in patients after acute myocardial infarction (MI), and encouraging initial results have been reported. The mechanism of benefit is indirect and the beneficial effects of the transplanted cells last long after these have been cleared. Soluble growth factors were traditionally thought to account for paracrine activities of the transplanted cells, but accumulating evidence highlights the crucial role of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Cells secrete EVs of various sizes and intracellular origins, including exosomes. The bioactivities of exosomes secreted by CPCs and BMCs have not been compared yet. This issue is relevant to clinical trials using these cells, as their benefit appear to largely rely on exosomes.

Prof. Lucio Barile
Cardiocentro Ticino

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This page is a summary of: Cardioprotection by cardiac progenitor cell-secreted exosomes:Role of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, Cardiovascular Research, March 2018, Oxford University Press (OUP),
DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy055.
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