What is it about?

The review describes how the expansion or infusion of Treg cells treats autoimmune diseases and prevents Graft-versus-Host-Disease (GVHD) in experimental models and humans. In particular, the use of thymus-derived Treg (tTreg) cells, peripheral derived Treg (pTreg) cells, and CAR Treg cells is presented and critically evaluated. Technical problems and possible adverse events are discussed.

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Why is it important?

One of the few reviews on the topic. A Table describing all the Treg-based treatments in humans is extremely up-to-date. The issue of Treg (tTreg, Th3, Tr1, and GITRsp) stability following infusion is discussed, and the use of polyclonal Treg cells, antigen-specific Treg cells, and CAR Treg cells is analyzed. Biologicals able to expand Treg cells are critically evaluated.

Perspectives

Treg cells are presently used to prevent Graft-versus-Host-Disease (GVHD) following bone marrow transplantation. Our opinion is that Treg cells will be used to treat autoimmune diseases after some technical issues will be solved. Antigen-specific Treg cells and pTreg cells (Th3, Tr1, and GITRsp) appear to be more suited to treat autoimmune diseases. However, more studies on Treg role and stability are needed.

Prof Giuseppe Nocentini
University of Perugia

Read the Original

This page is a summary of: Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases and Prevention of Transplant Rejection and Graft-Versus-Host Disease by Regulatory T Cells: The State of the Art and Perspectives, January 2018, Elsevier,
DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-809912-4.00016-7.
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