Evaluating Solar Box Cookers for Efficient, Sustainable Cooking in Nigeria's Kwara State

What is it about?

This research investigates the thermal efficiency and operational characteristics of a standing solar box cooker in Nigerian climatic conditions, specifically in Kwara State. The study involved experimental cooking of various food items such as noodles, rice, and yams using solar thermal energy. The cooker achieved maximum absorber temperatures ranging from 84.7°C to 93.6°C, with an overall thermal efficiency of 39%. It demonstrated effective cooking capabilities, with preparation times of approximately 60 minutes for noodles, 105 minutes for rice, and 125 minutes for yams under solar radiation levels from 2651.2 W/m² to 6114 W/m². A direct correlation was found between solar radiation intensity and cooking chamber temperatures. Additionally, the standardized cooking power was calculated to be 1222 W at 700 W/m² insolation. The findings underscore the potential of solar box cookers as sustainable cooking alternatives, particularly beneficial for rural communities in regions with abundant solar radiation.

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Photo by Nerissa J on Unsplash

Photo by Nerissa J on Unsplash

Why is it important?

This research investigates the thermal efficiency and operational characteristics of a standing solar box cooker under Nigerian climatic conditions, emphasizing its potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional cooking methods. The study is significant as it addresses the pressing environmental and socio-economic challenges posed by conventional biomass-based cooking in rural areas, such as deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. By leveraging the abundant solar energy available in regions like Kwara State, Nigeria, this research contributes to the broader quest for renewable energy solutions that can mitigate environmental impacts and improve energy access for underserved communities. Key Takeaways: 1. The study demonstrates that the standing solar box cooker can achieve maximum absorber temperatures between 84.7°C and 93.6°C, with an overall thermal efficiency of 39%. This indicates its capability to efficiently utilize solar energy for cooking purposes in regions with sufficient solar radiation. 2. Findings reveal that the cooker can prepare different food items within reasonable timeframes: approximately 60 minutes for noodles, 105 minutes for rice, and 125 minutes for yams, under average solar radiation levels ranging from 2651.2 W/m² to 6114 W/m². This underscores its practicality and effectiveness for everyday cooking needs. 3. The research highlights the correlation between solar radiation intensity and cooking chamber temperatures, as well as the influence of key design elements on the cooker's performance. These insights are critical for optimizing solar cooker designs and enhancing their applicability in rural settings where conventional energy sources are limited.

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