transferts thermiques d'une enveloppe habitable

What is it about?

The main goal in this work is the thermal modeling of occupant comfort in new habitable architectures for a dry climate in the region of Adrar in Algeria. This thermal modeling aims to determine the parameters that affect the thermal comfort of the occupants in this climate. To achieve this goal, mathematical models describing thermal exchanges in an individual habitat have been developed. These models are established on the basis of the thermal balance at the level of each wall in habitat. The results obtained were calibrated using climatic data recently measured by the renewable energy research unit of the Saharan medium in Adrar. A detailed analysis of certain parameters influencing thermal comfort in this habitat was mentioned and discussed. The fundamental equations governing thermal exchanges have been concretized by an implicit method of finite differences, based on the nodal procedure. The system of algebraic equations obtained was solved by the iterative Gaussian method.The results of the numerical simulation have shown that the material currently used in the construction of this habitat, as well as the current climatic conditions, are the fundamental causes of undesirable overheating in this dry region

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Why is it important?

The whole world has been facing an increase in energy consumption in a way that has been increasing for decades. This increase fundamentally calls into question the economic model which is tributary for its development on a colossal quantity of energy. The energy performance of a habitat can be estimated by performing thermodynamic simulations that take into account different conventional assumptions such as: the weather, occupancy, temperature set points, and uses of the window and shutter by the occupants and even the architecture of the habitats. The experience feedbacks in the habitable envelope with high energy performance highlight significant differences in energy consumption between forecasts and summer overheating. The development of a good energy concept for a house involves the search for a balance between reinforced insulation, compactness, passive solar gains, thermal inertia and comfort, indoor air quality and investment cost. This has been the subject of specific attention since the pre-project phase and most often requires the use of premature studies . The essential function of a house is to ensure an interior ambiance well suited to our needs and our comfort. The inhabitant often places his comfort before saving energy. It is therefore necessary to plan the construction and installations to consume less energy while ensuring adequate comfort.

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