Structure and Roles of Phospholipase C (PLC), Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), and Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) in Metabolism and Disease: A Systematic Review

What is it about?

Phospholipase C (PLC) is a vital enzyme that, upon activation, breaks down phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into signaling molecules, specifically inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). IP3 plays a central role in regulating calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm, which can be crucial for many cellular activities like muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and cell growth. The relevance to biomarker development and medical innovation is significant. Abnormalities in the PLC-PIP2-IP3 pathway can contribute to diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and neurodegenerative disorders. By understanding how these signaling molecules function, researchers can develop targeted therapies and diagnostic tools. However, since these pathways are fundamental to cell survival, precise targeting is essential to avoid disrupting healthy cellular processes, and as such, requires further research.

Featured Image