What is it about?
The evolution of the major achievements in water lifting devices with emphasis on the major technologies over the centuries is presented and discussed. Valuable insights into ancient water lifting technologies with their apparent characteristics of durability, adaptability, and sustainability are provided. A comparison of the relevant technological developments in several early civilizations is carried out. These technologies are the underpinning of modern achievements in water engineering. They represent the best paradigm of probing the past and facing the future. A timeline of the historical development of water pumps worldwide through the last 5500 years of the history of mankind is presented. A chronological order is followed with emphasis on the major civilizations.
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Why is it important?
The examples of water lifting technologies and management practices (not widely known among engineers), given in this paper, provide an understanding of the historical evolution to the current state of the art in water engineering
Perspectives
There is indeed a possibility of combining old technologies with current technical knowledge and equipment. Fraenkel [33] pointed out that: before looking for radical new water lifting techniques, there is also much scope for improving traditional and conventional pumping and water distribution methods.
Professor Stavros Yannopoulos
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
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This page is a summary of: Evolution of Water Lifting Devices (Pumps) over the Centuries Worldwide, Water, September 2015, MDPI AG,
DOI: 10.3390/w7095031.
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