What is it about?
The current work presents a sensitive, selective, cost-effective, and environmentally benign protocol for the detection of ibuprofen (IBP) by an electrochemical probe made of a glassy carbon electrode modified with Ag-ZnO and MWCNTs. Under optimized conditions, the designed sensing platform was found to sense IBP up to a 28 nM limit of detection. The interaction of IBP with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry. IBP−BSA binding parameters such as the binding constant and the stoichiometry of complexation were calculated. The results revealed that IBP and BSA form a single strong complex with a binding constant value of 8.7 × 1013. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example that reports not only IBP detection but also its BSA complexation.
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Why is it important?
Drugs facilitate the prevention and cure of diseases by strengthening the immune system. The mechanism of drug action is a specific biochemical interaction that results in targeted pharmacological effects. This action includes binding the drug molecule to a specific targeted biological species such as enzymes or receptors [1,2,3,4]. Overdosage of drugs can result in adverse short-term or long-term health effects. Drugs affect or alter the physiology of living organisms [6]. They stimulate a biological reaction by targeting macromolecules in the body [7]. As a rule, most drugs impede a particular biological response by interfering with the neurological system (particularly the brain). Based on pharmacodynamics, drugs can be classified as depressants, hallucinogens, and stimulants. Drugs can also be classified into analgesics and therapeutics. The current work presents an electroanalysis of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ibuprofen (Scheme 1), which is the third most popular, prescribed, and sold-over-the-counter drug in the world. The World Health Organization has listed ibuprofen (IBP) as an “essential drug”. It is extensively used as a pain reliever in conditions such as menstrual cramps, headaches, arthritis, and a wide variety of other common aches and pains. It plays an anti-inflammatory role by prohibiting the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins through the inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase .
Perspectives
Considering the importance of IBP in the pharmaceutical industry and its medical potential, new and innovative analytical methods with high efficiency are still needed to effectively control this non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in pharmaceutical doses and to detect it in biological fluids. Moreover, coupling such sensors with industries for the early sensing of IBP in industrial effluents before their release to freshwater bodies may broaden their future applicability.
Dr Afzal Shah
Quaid-i-Azam University, Iislamabad
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Electroanalysis of Ibuprofen and Its Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin, Molecules, December 2022, MDPI AG,
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010049.
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