Establishment of space syntax to read urban road network; the case of Sari, Iran

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Cities have a permeants changes as a live organism that this transformation required to design solution for structural and social demands to achieve safe and healthy human contacts. Some scholars divided cities sustainable development toward two main views, as the building's set are connected by a space, in another hand human social actions are linked by urban network interaction. The aim of this paper studies on urban road network by the establishment of space syntax logic that this issue is divided into two main parts, as a first part, the study on existing one and the second part is bringing the new suggestions to reach more qualified urban road network. As a case study, Sari city of Iran is selected. The municipality of Sari has future plans in the scale of the whole city to reach more efficient in urban transportation and road urban network. This paper is studying the differences of excited condition with the future one by an establishment of space syntax logic that how these new projects could be successful.

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Establishment of space syntax to read urban road network; the case of Sari, Iran *Ehsan Valipour1,Samira Tayyebisoudkolaei2, AbdolahMobaraki3 1Sapienza University of Rome, Italy 2I. A. University of Science and Research, Tehran, Iran 3 Eastern Mediterranean University, Cyprus 1E mail: eh.valipour@gmail.com ,E mail: samira.tayyebisoudkolaei@mail.com ,E mail: a_mobarakie@yahoo.com A B S T R A C T Cities have permanent changes as a living organism, where the transformation required in designing a solution for structural and social demands achieving safe and healthy human contacts. Some scholars divide city sustainable development toward two main views, as the building's set are connected by a space, on the other hand human social actions are linked by urban network interaction. The aim of this paper is to study on urban road network by the establishment of space syntax logic, this issue is divided into two main parts, as a first part, the study on already existing and the second part is bringing the new suggestions to a more qualified urban road network. Sari city of Iran is selected for this Case Study. CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2017) 1(2), 69-75. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2017.3649 www.ijcua.com Copyright © 2017 Contemporary Urban Affairs. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Nowadays, urbanization has found a key role in our lifetime that the understanding of urban growth could be the ability to plan the future directions this issue caused with urbanization being a variable and complex phenomenon. Cities with permanent changes are living organisms that require this transformation design solution for structural and social demands to achieve safe and healthy human contacts (Önder, D.E., Gigi, Y. , 2010). Some scholars divide cities sustainable development toward two main views, as the building's set are connected by a space, on the other hand human social actions are linked by urban network interaction. Urban networks as a society infrastructure have a crucial role in reaching success and sufficient access to different resources(Vaughan, 2007). The issue of predicting and providing is a base of the traditional view of transportation planning that in modern society has been discontinued. Recent studies have changed their design concept to numerical and computational by the establishment of mathematical and physical science. From this view, urban spaces could have the relation of a node structure. In this regards, the edge will find the main role with the complex network that has a close similarity to the other networks. (Levinson, 2006)(Cardillo, A., Scellato, S., Latora, V., Porta, S., 2006)(Yuan, P.C., Juan, Z.C., 2013). The issue urban network analysis faces is with various issues like information, network communication and social issues but a new subject emerges as an urban road network analysis. Scientific studies on this issue bring a new view that a group of network nodes have more structural dates in comparison with a single one(Wagner, 2008)(Tischendorf, L., Fahrig, L., 2000). This subject begins from the logic of a space syntax, that urban road network are working as a body neural network where movement are employed make simple linear elements in the network that could be able to present line movement in the network system to find natural units(Jiang, B., Zhao, S., Yin, J., 2008). Space syntax emerged from the architectural view to an environment one as logic a analyze space. This fact has caused space syntax to follow both of architectural view and computational knowledge. However, this issue has theoretical base and mathematical principles in each case study(Thomson, 2006)(Hillier, B., Hanson, J., 1997)(Reveron, 2009). The aim of this paper study on urban road network by the establishment of space syntax logic is that this issue is divided into two main parts. The first part: the study on an existing one and allowing the new suggestions to achieve a more qualified urban road network. The second part: is a study by the municipality of Sari city for future urban projects. This study is planned to examine the new projects by comparing them with the previous one to find the true results of the differences. In this regards, the first result is achieved by employment of Depthmap software and the second result is continued by the establishment of SPSS for further research. 2. Methodology This study has developed two methods to analyze the case study. As it mentioned, the main one is with space syntax to examine the existing conditions with the suggested one. SPSS was employed as a second method to reach a deeper analysis by using the numerical result of the first method. 2.1. Space syntax Space syntax is an analysis method that conceived and developed by Bill Hillier and Julienne Hanson in late of the 1970s. The method could be established on urban issues, such as studying urban space, reading and prediction. While this method of space syntax is functional for urban reading, it also would be helpful for an association between physical and social structure(Hillier, B., Hanson, J., 1997)(Duan, Y., Lu, F., 2013). Bill Hillier as the leader of space syntax logic believes, mostly cities are found by general view but syntactic analysis of cities say that there are hidden physical movements and structures (Stahle, A., Marcus, L., Karlström, A., 2005). Space syntax was born based on graph theory by classifications of urban environment split into single parts to study their existing relations. In this regards, space syntax could examine different points based on space geometrical logic to reach hidden systems and structures of human environments (Steadman, 1983)(Peponis, J.C., Wineman, J., Bafna, S., 1998)(Penn, 2003). This logic could be functional in studying urban contextual features which in this issue, axial lines establish the main role. The axial map in space syntax logic has the fewest set of straight lines that curve out in convex space (Tianxiang, Y., Dong, J., Shoubing, W., 2015) (Hillier, 2007). In a set of the convex map the axial line brings the shortest space to coating the whole space.

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