Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Its Changing Scenario: A Scoping Review

What is it about?

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and reproductive tract infections (RTIs) have existed worldwide since ancient times, causing significant morbidity and mortality. To maintain healthy sexual and reproductive life, it is highly essential to prevent STIs, RTIs, and related illnesses. STIs are transmitted by the transaction of body fluids among people during sexual intercourse. The etiological agents for STIs are bacteria, viruses, and parasites in most cases, but proportions by different etiology are varying. Various studies have shown that STIs are increasing, and their primary etiology is changing worldwide, which should be considered seriously and needs necessary actions.

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Photo by Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition on Unsplash

Photo by Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition on Unsplash

Why is it important?

Several factors related to hosts and disease-causing agents have been identified to influence STIs' current strategies in the prevention and control program. The present study attempts to review the history, changing etiology and antimicrobial resistance in STIs. This review has also highlighted the prevalence of STIs at the global level and their past and present trends in India, emphasizing future challenges and perspectives for making effective public health policies to prevent and control STIs.