What is it about?
Millimetre-wave (mm-Wave) communication operates in the 30-300 Gigahertz (GHz) spectrum. It is capable of reusing a high-dimensional MIMO operation spectrum in the spatial domain. Millimetre-wave communication is capable of providing a wider bandwidth and is used for wireless links with large capacities and small RF ranges. Massive MIMO wireless communication enhances spectral efficiency by providing cellular base stations (BSs) with a large number of antennas. The large numbers of antennas used in a massive MIMO system are independently controlled and execute persistent multiplexing and demultiplexing for all active users based on the channel characteristics.
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Why is it important?
The channel sparsity is exploited by transforming the channel into an angular domain from the spatial domain at millimeter wave frequencies in Beamspace Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (B-MIMO) systems. Every beam in B-MIMO corresponds to an individual radio frequency (RF) chain, and thus, beam selection techniques can reduce the RF hardware complexity. RF chain limitation is needed for an ideal beamspace precoding scheme to attain good system performance across the entire bandwidth. New methods of beamspace channel estimation with a small amount of estimation error and low computational complexity are challenging in the beam domain due to the larger antenna arrays deployed. A novel beamspace processing technique to improve the direction of arrival estimation performance for different array configurations with improvement in system performance is desired in a 5G system. A detailed review of the B-MIMO system with its architecture and various beam selection techniques is presented in this paper. The scope of the work is elaborated by incorporating various existing beamspace precoding and channel estimation methods. The paper also presents various beamspace processing schemes for parameter estimation with a focus on the direction of arrival estimation performance.
Perspectives
Beamspace MIMO systems, along with various beam selection techniques, are effective in reducing the number of RF chains. The process of beam selection is enhanced by a discrete lens antenna array at the transmitter. In B-MIMO systems, the channel is transformed into an angular domain, and then beam selection techniques are used for RF system complexity reduction. Therefore, effective beam selection methods are required to decrease the number of RF chains and enhance the system's performance. In order to improve the system capacity, beam selection requires accurate information about the beam space channel, which is challenging when the number of RF chains is limited. To solve this problem, novel beamspace channel estimation schemes are required. To maximize the achievable sum based on the beam selection architecture, an efficient beamspace precoding scheme is required. The large antenna arrays used in BMIMO systems achieve high beamforming gains and guarantee sufficient received signal power. In this case, precoding is needed to reduce power consumption and cost.
Allwyn Clarence Asis A
Mepco Schlenk Engineering College
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: A Survey on Beamspace Millimeter-wave Massive Mimo Systems: An
Overview of Open Issues, Challenges, and Future Research Trends, International Journal of Sensors Wireless Communications and Control, March 2024, Bentham Science Publishers,
DOI: 10.2174/0122103279266100231210125510.
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