Comparison of Dexmedetomidine Versus Clonidine as Anadjuvant to 0.5% Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular

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Comparison of Dexmedetomidine Versus Clonidine as Anadjuvant to 0.5% Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular

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Introduction: Upper limb surgeries are mostly performed under anesthesia such as Supraclavicular brachial plexus block, peripheral nerve block not only provide Intraoperative anaesthesia but also ensure post operative analgesia. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on 100 patients of ASA physical status I to III in age group of 18-70 years of either sex posted for elective upper limb surgeries under Supraclavicular brachial plexus bock after taking informed consent at KVG Medical College, Sullia from January 2013 to June 2014. Patients was randomly allocated to 2 groups of 50 each by random number table prepared by another anesthetist not otherwise involved in the study outside the operating room, namely; Group C: 33 ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine plus 1 ug/kg Clonidine Group D: 33 ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine plus 1 ug/kg Dexmedetomidine Results: Onset of sensory block was faster in group D than in Group C, While onset of motor block was faster in group C than in Group D, but the difference was not statically significant (p > 0.05). Duration of sensory block and duration of motor block were significantly longer in Group D as compared to Group C (p < 0.001). There was significant increase in duration of analgesia in Group D as compared with group C. None of the patients in group D required sedation intraoperatively and they were comfortable throughout the surgery with arousable sedative effects. Significant lower heart rate was observed at 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 and 135 min, but not less than 60 beats/min, in Group D as compared with Group C (p < 0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found to be significantly lower than baseline from 25 to 60 min in group D as compared with Group C (p < 0.001). Conclusion: addition of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Ropivacaine produces a significantly faster onset of sensory block and a significantly longer sensory and motor block when compared to Clonidine. Dexmedetomidine significantly reduces the number of rescue analgesia dosage requirements in postoperative 24 hrs and prolongs the duration of analgesia when compared to Clonidine. The mean arterial pressure, heart rate, blood pressure did not require any therapeutic intervention in both study groups.

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