What is it about?
Variations of Coronary Venous Anatomy with Implications for Cardiac Interventions
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Why is it important?
Introduction: The Coronary veins are used as a conduit in various invasive cardiological procedures for arrhythmias and heart failure. The present study aims to study variations in anatomy of coronary sinus and its tributaries. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 110 formalin fixed cadaveric hearts. The coronary sinus was observed for its length, formation, tributaries, Thebesian valve and Vieussens valve. The transverse and craniocaudal diameter of coronary sinus ostium were measured. Results: The Coronary Sinus (CS) was classified into five types according to the formation by joining of tributaries. Type I CS was most common and observed in 52 (47.3%) specimens, which was formed by joining of great cardiac vein (GCV) and Oblique vein of left atrium (OBV). The mean length of CS was found as 26.09 ± 9.25 mm with range of 10.52 – 49.02 mm. In the first four types of CS, Type III CS presented maximum length of 29.94 ± 9.29 mm. The mean transverse and mean craniocaudal diameter of CSO were observed as 8.26 ± 3.13 mm and 10.18 ± 4.30 mm respectively. The Vieussens valve and Thebesian valve were present in 59 (53.63%) and 91 (82.72%) heart specimens. GCV and middle cardiac vein were present in all specimens with no variation in their course and drainage. Conclusion: Knowledge of variations in the CS and its tributaries are helpful in biventricular pacing and various invasive cardiac procedures.
Perspectives
Introduction: The Coronary veins are used as a conduit in various invasive cardiological procedures for arrhythmias and heart failure. The present study aims to study variations in anatomy of coronary sinus and its tributaries. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 110 formalin fixed cadaveric hearts. The coronary sinus was observed for its length, formation, tributaries, Thebesian valve and Vieussens valve. The transverse and craniocaudal diameter of coronary sinus ostium were measured. Results: The Coronary Sinus (CS) was classified into five types according to the formation by joining of tributaries. Type I CS was most common and observed in 52 (47.3%) specimens, which was formed by joining of great cardiac vein (GCV) and Oblique vein of left atrium (OBV). The mean length of CS was found as 26.09 ± 9.25 mm with range of 10.52 – 49.02 mm. In the first four types of CS, Type III CS presented maximum length of 29.94 ± 9.29 mm. The mean transverse and mean craniocaudal diameter of CSO were observed as 8.26 ± 3.13 mm and 10.18 ± 4.30 mm respectively. The Vieussens valve and Thebesian valve were present in 59 (53.63%) and 91 (82.72%) heart specimens. GCV and middle cardiac vein were present in all specimens with no variation in their course and drainage. Conclusion: Knowledge of variations in the CS and its tributaries are helpful in biventricular pacing and various invasive cardiac procedures.
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This page is a summary of: Variations of Coronary Venous Anatomy with Implications for Cardiac Interventions, Indian Journal of Anatomy, January 2020, Red Flower Publication Private, Ltd.,
DOI: 10.21088/ija.2320.0022.9120.11.
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