Maternal thyroid dysfunction and risk of neonatal stroke.

What is it about?

During the gestational period, steady increase in the levels of maternal thyroid hormones (THs) is essential for the regular development during the gestational and suckling periods in particular the neuro-vascular system. THs can bind their receptor on integrin αVß3 to regulate the extracellular matrix proteins, brain connectivity, and synaptic plasticity. In addition, THs can regulate the systolic and diastolic cardiac function, increase the left ventricular (LV) contractile function, and decrease the systemic vascular resistance (SVR). On the other hand, the variations in gestational THs (hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism) may lead to long-lasting impairment in the neonatal neuro-vascular and cardiovascular systems. These disruptions can increase the possibility of numerous cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. These conditions may cause of morbidity and mortality, and interrupt the neonatal cognitive functions. Hence, brain imaging with the management of maternal thyroid hormones may diminish the risk of neonatal stroke. Also, the administration of TH has been established to confer neuroprotection in stroke on account of THs may have neurotropic effects during stroke. Additional studies are needed to investigate whether the regulation of maternal thyroid autoimmunity, hormonal supplementation or antagonism may enhance the functional outcome of neonatal stroke.

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Why is it important?

he variations in gestational THs (hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism) may lead to long-lasting impairment in the neonatal neuro-vascular and cardiovascular systems. These disruptions can increase the possibility of numerous cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. These conditions may cause of morbidity and mortality, and interrupt the neonatal cognitive functions. Hence, brain imaging with the management of maternal thyroid hormones may diminish the risk of neonatal stroke. Also, the administration of TH has been established to confer neuroprotection in stroke on account of THs may have neurotropic effects during stroke.

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