An overview of food supply chain virtualisation and granular traceability using blockchain technology

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The food supply chain is one of the complex and sensitive supply chains as issues such as the perishability of the product is always associated with it. With proper tracking and monitoring the bottlenecks in the supply chain can be analyzed. The visualization of the food supply chain can provide efficiency and lower the rate of product being corroded by the bottlenecks occurring in the supply chain. Using various sensors and their integration with the supply chain provides real-time tracking of the product. Efficiencies in operation and reduced trust issues in the supply chain are obtained by reducing the human interference in the data being entered which can be achieved by integrating blockchain with the virtual supply chain. Blockchain provides various features such as a tamperproof and immutable database which is shared among the participants in real-time and operates based on the consensus mechanism. Using the smart contract features various rules and regulations along with standards for food security that can be automatically compared with the data received by the sensors via the internet and fed in the block.

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