Co-inhibition of PGF and VEGF limits neovascularization and leakage in the murine retina

What is it about?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment in the elderly. The neovascular (wet) form of AMD can be treated with intravitreal injections of different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. Placental growth factor (PGF) is another member of the VEGF family of cytokines with pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory effects. Here, we aimed to compare single and combined inhibition of VEGF-A and PGF in the laser-induced mouse model of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) with a focus on the effects on retinal mononuclear phagocytes.

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Photo by Victor Freitas on Unsplash

Photo by Victor Freitas on Unsplash

Why is it important?

In summary, this study for the first time showed that PGF inhibition, most effective as trap using aflibercept, reduced phagocyte-related mRNA expression and secretion of VEGF-A and PGF as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines in the laser CNV model mimicking wet AMD. Aflibercept showed the highest efficacy in preventing vascular leakage and CNV. Pharmacological targeting of pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory pathways simultaneously may therefore provide a novel approach for the treatment of neovascular AMD.