Meteorological applications in agriculture, space weather, wildland fire, and AI

What is it about?

This chapter begins by discussing ways that meteorology and climate information can help improve the output of the agriculture and food security sector. It also discusses how agriculture alters climate and its long-term implications. It finally pulls together several of the applications discussed by treating the food-energy-water nexus. The remaining topics of this chapter are those that are advancing quite rapidly with more opportunities for observation and needs for prediction. The study of space weather is advancing our understanding of how the barrage of particles from other planetary bodies in the solar system impact Earth’s atmosphere. Our ability to predict wildland fires by coupling atmospheric and fire behavior models is beginning to impact firefighter decision support systems. Finally, we examine how artificial intelligence is changing the way we predict, emulate, and optimize our meteorological variables and its potential to amplify our capabilities. Many of these advances are directly due to the rapid increase in observational data and computer power.

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Why is it important?

As the American Meteorological Society reaches its 100th anniversary, it is time to record a century of progress in various fields, including in the applications reported here.