Effect of different roughness of titanium surface in vivo

What is it about?

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of different surface treatments on bone healing in defects filled only with blood clot in the tibia of rabbits. Forty Morse taper implants (3.5-mm in diameter and 7-mm in length) were inserted 1.5-mm subcrestal into the tibiae of 10 rabbits. Forty abutments (2.5-mm in diameter) and 20 titanium discs with different surface treatment were divided in four groups as follows: (group A) machined abutments (smooth); (group B) double acid etching treatment; (group C) treatment with sandblasting with microparticles aluminum oxide blasted followed by acid etching and (group D) treatment with through sandblasting with microparticles of titanium oxide followed by acid etching.

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Why is it important?

After 8 weeks, samples were analyzed qualitatively in relation to the interface bone/abutment and quantitatively, in relation to bone height from the base of the implant and presence of osteocytes. In the group C (1.50 ± 0.20 mm) and group D (1.62 ± 0.18 mm) showed bone growth on the abutment with higher values in compare to group A (0.94 ± 0.30 mm) and B (1.19 ± 0.23 mm), with significant difference between the groups (P < 0.05). In addition, osteocyte presence was higher in groups with surface treatment related to machined (P < 0.05). Histological observations at 8 weeks showed that titanium surface treatment of the two SLA´s surface models presented the best results in the condition proposed in this study.