What is it about?

Even though the most online review systems offer star rating in addition to free text reviews, this only applies to the overall review. However, different users may have different preferences in relation to different aspects of a product or a service and may struggle to extract relevant information from a massive amount of consumer reviews available online. In this paper, we present a framework for extracting prevalent topics from online reviews and automatically rating them on a 5-star scale. It consists of five modules, including linguistic pre-processing, topic modelling, text classification, sentiment analysis, and rating. Topic modelling is used to extract prevalent topics, which are then used to classify individual sentences against these topics. A state-of-the-art word embedding method is used to measure the sentiment of each sentence. The two types of information associated with each sentence -- its topic and sentiment -- are combined to aggregate the sentiment associated with each topic. The overall topic sentiment is then projected onto the 5-star rating scale. We use a dataset of Airbnb online reviews to demonstrate a proof of concept. The proposed framework is simple and fully unsupervised. It is also domain independent, and, therefore, applicable to any other domains of products and services.

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Why is it important?

We presented a framework for rating online reviews against automatically extracted underlying topics. The proposed framework consists of modules: (1) linguistic preprocessing, (2) topic modeling, (3) sentence classification against the topics extracted in the previous module, (4) sentiment analysis, (5) rating against the topics based on the sentiment of the corresponding sentences. The proposed method is unsupervised, i.e. does not require an annotated training dataset. It is also domain independent, and, therefore, can be applied across different domains for which online reviews are available.

Perspectives

Here is my perspective on this article: (1) Addressing User Needs The article tackles a critical issue in the realm of online reviews: the difficulty users face in extracting relevant information from extensive and often overwhelming free-text reviews. The traditional star rating system provides an overall score but fails to capture nuanced opinions about specific aspects of a product or service. This framework aims to bridge that gap by offering a more detailed analysis, which can significantly enhance the user experience. (2) Methodological Strength: The framework presented is methodologically robust, incorporating several advanced techniques in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning: -> Linguistic Pre-Processing: Ensures the text data is clean and ready for analysis, which is crucial for the accuracy of subsequent steps. -> Topic Modelling: Identifies prevalent topics within the reviews, allowing for more targeted sentiment analysis. -> Text Classification and Sentiment Analysis: Uses state-of-the-art word embedding methods to classify and analyze sentiment, providing a sophisticated understanding of user opinions. -> Rating Aggregation: Combines topic and sentiment data to generate a detailed, topic-specific 5-star rating, offering a granular view of user feedback. (3) Practical Applications The use of an Airbnb dataset for the proof of concept demonstrates the framework's practical utility. Given its domain independence, this framework could be applied to various other domains, from electronics to hospitality, enhancing its versatility and relevance. (4) Enhancing Consumer Decision-Making By providing topic-specific ratings, this framework empowers consumers to make better-informed decisions based on aspects that matter most to them. For example, a potential Airbnb guest might prioritize cleanliness over location, and this system can help them quickly identify reviews that discuss cleanliness in detail. (5) Business Implications For businesses, the framework offers valuable insights into customer preferences and pain points, enabling them to make data-driven improvements to their products or services. This could lead to enhanced customer satisfaction and better market positioning. (6) Challenges and Future Directions While the framework is promising, it may face challenges such as: -> Handling Ambiguity: Accurately interpreting sentiment in complex or ambiguous sentences. -> Scalability: Efficiently processing large volumes of reviews in real-time. -> Customization: Adapting the model to cater to specific domains or user preferences. Future research could focus on refining the sentiment analysis algorithms, improving the scalability of the framework, and exploring ways to personalize the ratings based on individual user profiles.

Dr. HDR. Frederic ANDRES, IEEE Senior Member, IEEE CertifAIEd Authorized Lead Assessor (Affective Computing)
National Institute of Informatics

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This page is a summary of: A Framework for Automated Rating of Online Reviews Against the Underlying Topics, April 2017, ACM (Association for Computing Machinery),
DOI: 10.1145/3077286.3077291.
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