Transformational leadership short scale: Validity in four European countries

What is it about?

This study aimed to clarify the validity of the short scale of transformational leadership used by the Human System Audit (short HSA-TFL). Convergent, construct and criterion validity of the short HSA-TFL were analyzed. The results provide empirical evidence for the validity of the short HSA-TFL scale.

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Why is it important?

The need of today’s enterprises for combined assessment of transformational leadership and quality-related performance in wider contexts requires short instruments based on scientific research. Comparison of the short HSA-TFL with the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X) showed high convergent validity. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed the single factor structure of the Spanish version of the HSA-TFL.. As regards criterion validity, the results indicated that the short HSA-TFL is positively related in all four countries to subjective performance.