Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon for Ureteric Stenosis: A Porcine Model Study

What is it about?

This study conducted a preclinical experiment to assess the safety and effectiveness of using a paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) for ureteric dilatation in pigs with induced ureteric stenosis. The PCB improved the success rate of dilatation compared to plain balloon dilatation, with a median lumen diameter change rate of 164.0% (71.4-164.7%) in the experimental group. However, there were concerns about the long-term patency of the dilated ureters and the potential need for JJ-stent placement or secondary surgery. The study highlights the need for further research to determine the suitability of PCB for clinical use in ureteric stenosis treatment.

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Why is it important?

Ureteric stenosis is a significant medical condition that can lead to chronic pain, irreversible renal damage, and a reduced quality of life if left untreated. Surgical reconstruction is currently the standard treatment for ureteric stenosis, but some patients are unable or unwilling to undergo surgery. Balloon dilatation is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery, but recurrence following the procedure remains a concern. Paclitaxel-coated balloons (PCBs) have been successful in treating urethral stenosis, but their application in ureteric stenosis is limited. This preclinical study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of PCB ureteric dilatation in a pig model with induced ureteric thermal injury. Key Takeaways: 1. Ureteric stenosis can lead to long-term chronic pain and irreversible renal damage if left untreated. 2. Surgical reconstruction is the standard treatment for ureteric stenosis, but some patients are unable or unwilling to undergo surgery. 3. Balloon dilatation is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery, but recurrence following the procedure remains a concern. 4. Paclitaxel-coated balloons have been successful in treating urethral stenosis, but their application in ureteric stenosis is limited. 5. This preclinical study shows that PCB ureteric dilatation is safe and effective in a pig model with induced ureteric thermal injury.