What is it about?

In this paper we propose the Macro sets Evolution (MEvo) approach. MEvo has been designed for overcoming the aforementioned issues in order to improve the performance of domain-independent planners by dynamically selecting promising macros –taken from a given pool– while solving continuous streams of problem instances. Our extensive empirical study, involving more than 1,000 planning problem instances and 8 state-of-the-art planning engines, demonstrates effectiveness and efficiency of MEvo.

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Why is it important?

In Automated Planning, generating macro-operators (macros) is a well-known reformulation approach that is used to speed-up the planning process. Nowadays, given the number of existing techniques, a large number of macros is already available or can be easily extracted. Most of the macro generation techniques aim for using the same set of generated macros for each planner and every problem instance in a given domain. Although they provide “general improvement”, the effect of macros might vary a lot for different planners. Moreover, the impact of macros on structurally different problem instances than the training ones can be potentially very detrimental. Evidently, this limits the exploitation of macros in real-world planning applications, where the structure of problem instances can often change as well as the exploited planning engine can change from time to time.

Perspectives

We see several perspectives for future work. We are interested in performing an analysis of smarter ways for generating the Random set of MEvo, and the use of online macro-generation approaches (e.g., (Armano et al., 2004; Coles et al., 2007)) for increasing the pool of considered macros over time. We plan to investigate techniques for estimating the appropriate size of the different macro sets, instead of having a predefined maximum value of n = 3. We also envisage to explore more aggressive techniques for allowing MEvo to incorporate macros into domain models, for instance by removing original operators that macros incorporate: this can improve the performance by reducing the branching factor of problems, at the cost of the potential unsolvability of problems. We are also interested in the investigation of features-based approaches (see e.g., (Cenamor et al., 2013; Fawcett et al., 2014)) in order to extract more data for updating macro scores. Furthermore, we plan to investigate how the MEvo approach can be combined with approaches that aim at configuring the order in which macros and original operators are listed in the domain model (Vallati et al., 2015b). Finally, we plan to combine MEvo with approaches, such as ASAP or PbP (Gerevini et al., 2014; Vallati et al., 2014), that are also able to combine planners into a domain-specific portfolio. That would allow to select suitable planners, and evolve the domain model accordingly.

Ivan Serina
Universita degli Studi di Brescia

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This page is a summary of: MEvo: a framework for effective macro sets evolution, Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, September 2019, Taylor & Francis,
DOI: 10.1080/0952813x.2019.1672796.
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