Harmonic radar reveals behavioral impacts of artificial light on moths beyond fatal attraction

What is it about?

Light pollution has drastically changed night skies across the globe, creating a specific threat to nocturnal species. Using harmonic radar technology, we revealed that streetlights significantly affect the flight patterns of moths, although only 4% of the tested individuals flew toward the light source. A detailed analysis of the recorded trajectories demonstrated a barrier-effect of streetlights on lappet moths whenever the moon was not available as a natural celestial cue. Moreover, streetlights increased the tortuosity of flights for both hawk moths and lappet moths.

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Photo by NASA on Unsplash

Photo by NASA on Unsplash

Why is it important?

The dramatic insect decline is one of the most concerning recent biological problems. Among insects, pollinators are of particular importance. Because of their significance for insect-pollinated plants, ecosystem functioning and food security, their decline will have severe implications for humans as well. At night, moths belong to the most important pollinators and there is evidence for their decline in abundance and distribution as well. Our study provides crucial insights into the underestimated impact of light pollution on nocturnal insects, showing that the influence of streetlights extends far beyond the fatal attraction to light sources. Understanding these effects is essential for biodiversity conservation and improving strategies to mitigate the ecological impacts of artificial lighting.

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