A tutorial on high-dimensional quantum states of structured light

What is it about?

In this comprehensive tutorial we introduce the reader to the concept of quantum structured light, i.e. quantum light that is tailored by controlling its spatial properties. We highlight methods that are commonly used to create and control them. Subsequently, we discuss how to detect and characterize them using common-place structured light tools. To illustrate their potential for higher dimensional quantum encoding, we present exemplary practical implementations of quantum structured light in modern emerging technologies such as Quantum Key Distribution, Ghost Imaging and Teleportation.

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Photo by Ahmad Dirini on Unsplash

Photo by Ahmad Dirini on Unsplash

Why is it important?

This tutorial is designed for both students and seasoned researchers who have a keen interest in conducting research in quantum optics using structured light at the single photon level. Specifically, structured light patterns have witnessed a remarkable surge in various applications, ranging from quantum imaging to secure communications. These patterns possess the ability to be entangled (spooky action at a distance) and can form an extensive encoding alphabet that can be used for processing quantum information. Consequently, the prospect of exploiting their potential for high dimensional encoding increases their utility as a resource in emerging quantum technologies. Therefore, it is imperative that researchers are equipped with the tools and knowledge of how to create, control, characterize/detect and use them in practical applications so that their full potential is realized.

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