phase transition in titania crystal structures

What is it about?

This review article deals with phase transition among titania polymorphs like anatase, rutile, brookite and TiO2(B) using solution based approaches like hydrothermal/solvothermal, conventional sol-gel process and modified sol-gel assisted with ultrasonications, ionic liquids and photoillumination methods. The other methods such as non-aqueous route, microemulsion, thermolysis and ball milling methods for preparation/phase transition of titania is also briefly outlined.

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Why is it important?

This review discusses on the influence of various reaction parameters like precursor chemistry, solution pH, mineral acids, chelating agents, surfactants, solvents, inorganic electrolytes, organic compounds, co-ordination of central titanium ions and orientation of TiO6 octahedra finally resulting in crystalline phase is reviewed in detail. The mechanism and the driving force for crystallization arising from complex species coupled with solution chemistry is explained.