What is it about?
The glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) comprise a class of enzymes that detoxify carcinogenic compounds by conjugating glutathione to facilitate their removal. Polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes have been related to risk for bladder cancer. Studies focusing on GSTs gene variants relationship with the risk of bladder cancer have produced conflicting and inconsistent results. We examine the association between genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase P1, GSTM1, GSTT1 genes and development of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).
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Why is it important?
Urinary bladder cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer in men and the seventh in women, with an annual incidence of 32 of 100,000 in men and 9 of 100,000 in women. Bladder cancer is usually considered to be caused by environmental carcinogens. Tobacco smoking and occupational exposure to aromatic amines and polycyclic hydrocarbons have been associated with risk of bladder cancer. There is increasing evidence suggesting that genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes could increase individual susceptibility to various environmental and clinical conditions. The balance between activation and detoxification of carcinogens affects the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage that occurs in cells.
Perspectives
The results obtained in the present study show that individuals with a particular combination of genotypes (GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, and GSTP1 Ile/Val or Val/Val) have a significantly increased risk for bladder TCC, particularly for high grade and muscle-invasive tumors.
Dr Mohammad Reza Safarinejad
University of Medical Sceices
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Association of genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) with bladder cancer susceptibility, Urologic Oncology Seminars and Original Investigations, October 2013, Elsevier,
DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2011.11.027.
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