Chemical effects of Lγ4

What is it about?

An overview of the chemical effects of the Lγ4(L1-O2,3) emission of Ce, Sm, Eu, and Yb is reported. The Lγ4 emission spectra differ significantly depending on the chemical environment of the lanthanides. The emission from the early lanthanide Ce is ligand-dependent, whereas the emission from the middle lanthanides, Sm and Eu, is valence-dependent with chemical shifts of 4–5 eV. The emission from the late lanthanide Yb, which exhibits Lγ4 and Lγ4’ bands, depends on both the valency and the coordination environment.

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Why is it important?

Lγ4 emission is a potentially useful probe that can be used to evaluate the chemical states of lanthanides, in particular, the oxidation numbers of middle to late lanthanides in mixed-valence compounds.