What is it about?
This chapter reviews all the developments that have taken place in the area of LMP technology till this date, highlights its prospects as an efficient, green technology for waste utilization (recovery of valuable products from waste streams / industrial effluents). Mathematical modeling and simulation of LMP processes have also been surveyed and analyzed. The chapter covers basic principles of LMP technology, types of LMP systems and their characteristics, industrial applications of LMP technology, mathematical modeling and analysis of LMP systems / processes, conclusions and future recommendations. The specific advantages of LMP systems have been emphasized and illustrated in detail (with examples) and their limitations and areas that are required to be explored in future are also outlined.
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Why is it important?
Liquid membrane permeation (LMP) technology is more than three decades old. However, needless to comment, industrial adaptation of this green, economic technology is still not upto the mark. The reasons could be manifold. On one side is the lackadaisical attitude of industries and their hesitation towards deviating from the conventional technologies and on the other side is the fact that the specific, attractive benefits of LMP processes have not been convincingly exposed to the industries. The majority of laboratory studies on LMP reported in literature involve gross simplifications, making the data more or less unfit for recommendation for large scale commercial adaptation. Accordingly, attempts have been made in this article / chapter to review all the developments that have taken place in the area of LMP technology, to highlight its specific advantages as well as its limitations and also to emphasize the need for further investigations in this area.
Perspectives
A lot of experimental investigations have been carried out by many researchers on LMP technology and its utility for the recovery of valuable substances from dilute waste streams. However, what could be observed is that most studies are based on synthetic, single solute feed solutions. Investigations using real-life samples of industrial wastewater or synthetic wastewater prepared in the laboratory, but containing most of the probable contaminants are painfully lacking. Without these, though the principle of operation of the LMP processes does get established, its commercial viability for utilization in industrial practices does not get ascertained enough. Mathematical analysis of LMP systems / processes, though attempted by many authors, also demands lot of improvisation. More elaborate experimentation is required and more accurate approach is to be used to develop more convincing and dependable simulation models. More accurate expressions are to be developed for the computation of the facilitation factor (F), considering the real life kinetics of the forward and backward reactions (formation of solute – carrier complex and its dissociation). LMP technology has a bright future. It has distinct advantages over conventional separation processes such as extraction, distillation, adsorption and the like. More extensive research work in this area shall be thus most promising.
PROF. C.M. NARAYANAN
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Liquid membrane permeation: the green technology for economic recovery of valuable products from waste streams/industrial effluents—a review, January 2023, Elsevier,
DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91745-2.00013-9.
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