Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions an approach to hunt the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP).

What is it about?

Relativistic heavy ion collisions are being studied with the intention of investigating the properties of hot, ultra-dense and strongly interacting matter. Theoretical physics demonstrates that the collisions of these high-energy nuclei with target material may provide us matter with high temperature and energy density. This is turn may lead to a new state of matter known as quark gluon plasma (QGP), which is expected to have existed in the early universe and be present in the heart of neutron stars. Many signals have been suggested theoretically to be the possible existence of QGP, but no unambiguous signal has been found experimentally, which has led the subject inconclusive. It is therefore, essential to have a through understanding of the background on which the signals are expected to be found. In this regards, I have studied the collisions of 28Si and 12C beams of energy 4.5A GeV obtained from Synchrophasotron of Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (JNIR) Dubna, and also collisions of 28Si and 32S nuclei at 14.5 GeV and 200GeV per nucleon respectively exposed at Alternating Gradient Synchrophasotron (AGS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), NewYork, USA with nuclear emulsion nuclei. The main aim of our study is to shower some light on non-statistical density fluctuations in the central collisions of silicon, carbon and sulpher-emulsion nuclei. These fluctuations could have reached due to phase transition from hadronic state to the QGP state.

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Why is it important?

It’s relevance to present day problems and need of the society and country: The main concern of high-energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and their interactions. The interaction between elementary particles and nuclei is so important that one might even say that the problem of elementary particles is today the problem of physics and it explores the various cosmological and astrophysical aspects related to the origin of the Universe. The research in the field of high-energy physics and accelerator physics is in the interest of the country and also in accordance with the national policy on promotion of basic science. It’s likely contribution to knowledge: It is expected to enhance our existing knowledge of understanding about the basic constituents of matter as well as the evolution of the Universe along with the understanding of the dynamics of nuclear collisions at high energies.

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